SQL Server Interview Questions
Last Updated: Mar 27, 2019,
Posted in Interview Questions,
There are a number of career opportunities associated with the SQL server queries. Many of the multinational companies are seeking for the potential candidates having enough of the knowledge regarding the field. Here we are presenting the perfect set of SQL server interview questions and answers. These questions are beneficial for fresher as well as experienced candidates to get a brief outline regarding the subject.
An average salary package of an SQL server engineer is quite higher which raises the curiosity among the candidates to get such platform. Go through this amazingly formed SQL server interview questions and prepare yourself for the next interview in the most appealing manner. These questions will definitely help you solve fundamentals as well as that of its advanced aspects of the field. Many of the questions are included which are frequently asked during the interviews
SQL Server Interview Questions
The commands which are used in SQL to define the structure of database are called as DDL commands. Its types are:
- Create - this command is used to create the databases and its objects.
- Alter - this command is used to alter the existing database objects.
- Drop - this command is used to delete the existing data or database objects.
- Truncate - this command is used to remove the records from the table but not actually from the structure.
- Rename - this command is used to rename the database objects.
A structure which temporarily or initially stores the data or the database object is called as a template.
A query which retrieves the related columns from the number of tables is called as join. Its different types are:
| Functions | Mysql Server | MySQL |
|---|
| Developer | Microsoft | Oracle |
| License | commercial | open source |
| Cloud based | no | no |
| Implemented languages | C++ | C & C++ |
| XML support | yes | yes |
| Supported programming language | c Sharp, PHP, python, Java | C++, C sharp,Java, Perl |
| Server side scripting | support transa scripting | yes |
| Currency | it supports | yes It supports |
| Transaction concepts | it supports AC | It supports ACID |
A database, in general, is a collection of information in a more organized form for better access. The data can be stored or executed in multiple ways and collectively they are defined as tables, views or database objects. Data warehouse refers to the medium of a repository of the data from the multiple resources. The data from the data warehouse is available to transform or even use in online processing.
There is, of course, a difference between the primary and unique key
Primary key
- It enforces the uniqueness of column in a table.
- It does not allow the nulls.
- It chooses default cluster index
Unique key
- It allows one null value.
- It doesn't enforce uniqueness of a column in a table.
- It chooses a default non clustered index.
Denormalization is the inverse process of normalization. It highly accelerates the performance of the query by reducing the join operations and also used the OLTP applications.
The commands which are used to create the rules to grant the permission are known as useful commands in SQL. These commands also control the access to the database and its objects.
- Grant - it provides the user access
- Deny - it denies permissions given to users
- Revoke - this command remove the user access.
There are three types of indexes in SQL
- Unique - this index helps to maintain the Data integrity by ensuring that there is no repetition in the two identical values. This reputation might be the data in a table or in any other database record. It maintains the value of index keys as unique.
- Clustered index - clustered index records all of the physical values of the table and database which are entirely based on the key values. Over each table, there will be a single clustered index.
- Non clustered index - this index does not alter the physical value from any segment. Each table under this can have a 999 non clustered indexes in a logical order.
In order to remove the redundant data, normalization is used. It also reduces the null values and enables the efficiency of indexing. Its different levels are:
TCL commands are generally used to manage the changes which are managed priory by the DML commands.
- Commit - in order to write and store the changes with the database this command is used.
- Rollback - to restore the database this command is used.
In order to speed up the performance of the queries, the index is used. It instantly accelerates the retrieval of data from the table and database. An index can be efficiently created over a group or one column.
A query is basically a request for the database or the information associated with it in the combination of tables. A query associated with the database can either be a select or an action query.
A SQL query with the other significant query is called a subquery. We can also say it as a subset of all selected states where the values are used for the filtering the results of the main query.
The commands which are used to manage the data which is present in the entire database are called as DML commands. They are of following types-
- Select - this command is used to select the specific data from the entire database.
- Insert - if any new record or a table has to be added into the database than this command is used.
- Update - in order to update the existing records over the database this command is used.
- Delete - if any existing record has to be deleted from the table then this command is used.
