How do you restrict an element in XSD?

The restriction element in the XSD is used to define restrictions on the simpleType, simple content, or complex content definition.

//syntax
<xs:restriction base = "element-type"> restrictions </xs:restriction>

Here, the base defines the type of the element on which the restriction is to be applied. The restrictions are the range of conditions that is to be applied to the element.

//example
<xs:element name = "marks">
   <xs:simpleType>
      <xs:restriction base = "xs:integer">
         <xs:minInclusive value = "0"/>
         <xs:maxInclusive value = "100"/>
      </xs:restriction>
   </xs:simpleType>
</xs:element>

Now, we apply the restriction to the marks element. The restriction is that the value of the mark should be between 0 and 100.