CCNA is an associate level IT certification from Cisco. With the help of this certification, IT professionals can endorse their knowledge of understanding, contouring, operating and troubleshooting medium level routed and switched networks. Engineers with a background in networking are highly considered in the IT Industry and acquiring a certification of this level will enhance their chances of landing a nicely- paid job. There are a variety of CCNA courses available as per the needs of the candidates.
Cisco along with its partners offer a plethora of training methods that include the books that are published by Cisco Press and courses that are available online as well as offline. The topics under CCNA include how to connect to a WAN, network media, how to implement network security, network types and a lot many more technicalities. It teaches you what routing is, what the purpose of the data link is when network congestion can occur and also whether a bridge divides a network into smaller sections.
When a switch is given a signal, it develops a frame from the parts that are from the signal. Through this process, it gains access and reads the address of the destination. Post this it sends the frame to the appropriate port. This is a very effective means of data transmission, in spite of broadcasting it on all ports. Switches can also avoid loops through the use of spanning tree protocol.
Switches work on hardware addresses to exchange data across the devices that are connected to them. Hence, hubs can’t process any information based on MAC or IP addresses. Adding to this, Hubs cannot even process data based on if it is broadcast, unicast or multicast data. In contradiction to this switches first, perform broadcast and then unicast.
One advantage that it has is that Hub can transfer data to every port, but then again it can’t transfer data to the port where the data was generated. Hubs only work in half-duplex mode. Also, collisions can happen. In case a collision does happen, hub rejects all the data from all the devices then signals them to send the data again.
Bridge and switch are different in a way that a switch forwards data at wire speed as it uses ASICs that are special hardware circuits. Switches support full duplex data transfer communication. Switches cannot be used in large networks that are divided into sub-networks because they cannot forward networks or database. Using spanning tree protocol, switches can avoid loops as well. Switches can have unlimited ports because switches don’t divide speed like hubs.
Routers, unlike switches and hubs, operate at the third layer of OSI models. Due to these, routers can forward data across networks. Routers are very rich in features when compared to switches. They maintain a routing table for data forwarding. They also have lesser port densities if compared to switches.
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